PSG has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.